MICROBIOLOGY 102 SYLLABUS FOR 2000
INTRODUCTION
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This page must be assumed to be a "WORK IN PROGRESS". As such
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significant changes below. You may contact me by E-mail
at any time. All constructive suggestions are appreciated. The content of this page is
designed to serve Extended Degree Programs students taking the
lecture component only, Micro 102, as a Distant Learning Course through the WSU Extended
Degree Program. This can include ON-CAMPUS students also.
REVISED: 01/17/00
ANNOUNCEMENTS
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- 1/12/00: As I am not
longer teaching the on-campus version of this course, the syllabus is
entirely directed to the distant learning students. It is important to
remember that all DLS must finish this course by May.
|
- Micro 102 for Distant Learning Students
- Course Materials
- Grading System
- Study Aids
- About the Exams
- Behavioral Policies
- Lecture Schedule
HOW TO USE THIS SYLLABUS
This syllabus explains how the course operates for
two
classes of students:
Information specifically for ON-CAMPUS students taking
Micro 102/Micro 105 will be colored GREEN and will be designated by the letters OCS.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DLS
EDP: Since Micro 102 will be taught
almost exclusively over the Internet DLSs taking the course must have access to the
following:
An IBM or compatible (486/66 CPU
minimum; Pentium 100 or > recommended) computer system with Windows or a Mac system
with System 7.x, 16 megabytes or greater of RAM, 40 megabytes free hard disc space, modem
(14.4 baud minimum; 28.8 baud or > recommended), Internet and World Wide Web access.
Recommended Browsers: Any Browser
you install should have "Dynamic HTML" capabilities. Since this material has
been prepared with Microsoft Front Page 2000, it will be best viewed on Internet Explorer
4.01. However, the most recent version of Netscape Navigator or Netscape Communicator
should also work.
Visit the Internet Help Page for help on using the Internet and to
download the required helper programs.
REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE OCS 102 STUDENTS
The OCS must
have access to the internet as described above. There are numerous computer laboratories
on campus where computers are available. Most of these require that a use-card be
purchased or a fee be paid.
COURSE MATERIALS
- MICRO 102 INTERNET TEXT: A Micro
102 TEXT (hereafter referred to as "NetText
102") is on the WWW at:
http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/pages/101hmpg.html
- Bookmark it in your browser.
- The text and figures in the NetText102 along with material discussed during
the lectures and occasional extra readings will be the major SOURCE OF ALL EXAM QUESTIONS. For example, you are
expected to understand the figures that explain phenomena describe in the text. You will
not be required to identify pictures of individuals, things like red or white blood cells
(unless noted otherwise). An exam may include a figure whose parts you are required to
identify/explain.
- Your exams will only include the material in
the NetText102, E-mail/voice mail mini-lectures and any assigned readings. I may
include links that show pictures of bacterial cells or other material from a laboratory
exercise about which I will ask general questions.
- OCS: Your exams will include the same material as
the Micro 102 students.
- Reading the laboratory exercises and
visiting the URLs is highly recommended as it will help you understand the lecture
material.
- HOW TO DEAL WITH THE LINKS (URLs) IN NetText 101/102: The NetText102
URL LINKS are
rated according to their potential as a source of exam questions. Links take you (1) to
sites within the NetText102 or Lab
Manual that relate to the topic under discussion or (2) to
external sites that contain information related to that presented in the NetText102, but which is presented in a different way or
which presents additional useful information.
- Internal sites in NetText102
Chapters/Lab Exercises are marked with the prefix #.
- SUPPLEMENTAL external links.
These LINKS contain
collateral information to help the student understand a subject; such links are UNMARKED & NO SPECIFIC QUESTIONS
will be asked on any material in these supplemental links that wasn't presented in the
NetText102 or the lectures. Some of these supplemental links contain advanced
information on a topic that may only be of interest to advanced or highly motivated
students. These links provide a perspective other than mine on a given topic.
- TOPICAL external
links. These links are marked with an
which
indicates that some portion of the material at the site can serve as a source of . I will specify the appropriate site-sections that may turn up on exams.
- For example, in the discussion of evolution this
site contains
material that can serve as a source of exam questions; in this case, while the chemical
structures are not required learning, the general nature of the structures of RNA
and DNA are and they are well illustrated at this site. This URL site (needs the helper
application Chime) shows the molecular structure of DNA in far more detail than I require
on an exam thus you are not required to know this structure, but the information in this
site might clear up some things that the student may be having problems with.
NOTE:
The NetText is set up to look best on the Internet and it doesn't always COPY WELL. So the
notes may look a bit odd and be difficult to follow in a few places and some figures are
broken up. Remember, you should always view the Web version for the best and most recent
view. |
- Frequently addresses of URLs are changed without warning, so if you can't
reach one PLEASE inform me immediately.
- You can use the NetText 102
material in several ways:
- You may study it directly, although most people find it hard to study
material on a monitor.
- Alternatively, you may print a copy of the text
and figures and use it essentially as a "textbook" to supplement the lectures.
However, the Internet links and animations can only be viewed on a monitor using a
computer loaded with the proper browser and helper
applications. Further, I frequently update the NetText102
material, so if you have copied a version with an earlier
revision date you will not have the latest version. Personal copiers, especially colored ones are
expensive; I'm told that it cost >$50 to print a colored version on a home
printer.
- OPTIONAL-TEXTS: Fundamentals
of Microbiology. 5th Edition, by I. E. Alcamo.
- Available from the WSU Bookie (800-937-4978
ext. 336). I recommend THIS TEXT only as a STUDY AID; there is no requirement that you purchase it; NO ASSIGNMENTS will be made in it
& NO QUESTIONS will
be asked directly from the book on any exams. However, the appropriate pages covering the
subject matter discussed in the lectures are listed below. A new edition came out in the spring of 1998 so USED copies from previous may be available in the
Bookie. There is material covered in the NetText 102
that is NOT covered in
the text and vice versa. For example, more diseases are discussed in more detail in the
textbook than I cover in NetText 102.
- If you wish to have a book that contains everything I cover
in this course (and much more) you may purchase the Micro 301 text (e.g. Microbiology by
Prescott, Harley and Klein), also through the WSU Bookie (800-937-4978
ext. 336) or one of the on-line bookstores (Amazon.com).
COURSE DESIGN:
Micro
102
was
originally designed to be an ANYTIME/ANYWHERE COURSE (asynchronous). However, due to my
retirement DLS who sign up after June1 of 1999 must agree to finish by May 1, 2000:
- The examining process currently operates through
the WSU Extended Degree Program.
- The student must make an arrangement with an
individual to proctor each of the exams; this proctor must fit the requirements of the EDP; please
follow these instructions for arranging for a proctor through the EDP office, otherwise an
exam can not be provided.
- The student will contact the EDP office and me
(usually via E-mail) a minimum of two weeks before they wish to take a given
exam.
- The EDP office will send the exam to the proctor
by regular mail.
- The proctor will allow the student 50 minutes in
which to take the exam (2 hours for the final). The exam answers will be returned by the
proctor to the EDP office. EDP will record that the student has taken the exam and they
will forward it to me for grading
- I will grade the exam and inform the student of
their score and the exam answers via E-mail. I will comment on their general performance
and standing at that time.
- I will make a good faith attempt to give exams as requested by the student. However, I must have
two weeks warning.
- Example 1: A DLS informs me
and EDP two weeks after
entering the course at the beginning of the semester that they are ready to take the first
exam. EDP will forward their proctor an appropriate exam.
- Example 2: A DLS informs me after
4weeks that they
are ready to take the first and second exams together. EDP will
forward their proctor the appropriate exams.
- Example 3: A DLS informs me a week after signing
up to take the course they are ready to take all 4 exams. EDP will
forward their proctor the appropriate exams.
- In each case, if the student wants to take an
exam over a vacation etc., they will be sent the exam as normal, but
the grading may be delayed until I return.
| EXAM NUMBER |
CHAPTERS
COVERED |
| 1 |
Prologue, 1-7 |
| 2 |
8-11 |
| 3 |
12-16 |
| 4 |
17-20 |
- The
exam coverage is as follows:
- Note that the Chapters
covered are the same of the on-campus exams.
- Note that the the section
on Biological Weapons in Chapter 15 is NOT included in the 3rd exam.
HOW
TO ARRANGE FOR A 102 EXAM AND FOR A PROCTOR
ARRANGING FOR A PROCTORED EXAM
Visit this site: http://www.eus.wsu.edu/edp/resources/exams.htm
and follow the instructions
ARRANGING TO TAKE AN EXAM
At least two weeks prior to
the proposed exam date, request an exam by sending an e-mail to EDP@wsu.edu,
with a cc: to Hurlbert@wsu.edu, giving the
following information:
- Your full name, WSU ID, E-mail
address, daytime phone number, and proposed exam date.
- The proctors name, title,
department, address (place of business MAILING address), and phone number.
The exam will be sent by US
mail directly to your proctor at his or her place of business, and an e-mail notification
will be sent to you. The proctor will send the exam directly back to EDP in a postage-paid
envelope. (You will be expected to pay proctors postage costs when proctors must
return exams by foreign or express mail.)
- Communicate with the proctor to
set up a mutually-convenient exam time in the proctors official place of business
when you have received the notification that the exam was sent to the proctor.
- You will have 50 minutes to
complete an exam (120 min. for the final), which allows you 1 minute per question.
- Any assignments preceding an exam
should be submitted before taking the exam. The instructor has the option to refuse to
grade the exam if the preceding assignments have not been completed.
Questions? E-mail EDP@wsu.edu,
or call 1-800-222-4978,
or 1-800-422-4978, extension 4. (Fax 509-335-4850)
Grades are based on a possible total of 400 points. The following scale is used to
determine your grade:
GRADES |
PERCENTAGE |
A |
90-100 |
B+/A- |
86.6-88.2/88.4-89.8 |
B |
80-86.4 |
C+/B- |
76.6-78.2/78.4-79.8 |
C |
70-76.4 |
D+/C- |
66.6-68.2/68.4-69.8 |
D |
50.2-66.4 |
F |
50 or < |
: Anyone with a D or F average
after the second exam should consider DROPPING
THE COURSE unless they are prepared to do a lot of extra credit
work.
I DO NOT GRADE ON THE CURVE.
Generally your grade will be determined from the above
scale. However, there is some flexibility in the system. The
percentage of "A's" pre-Internet has been between 21 to 26%, although it
increased to >40% in the Springs of 1996 & '97 when I began using the NetText
102 and allowing more extra credit.
1. If you do poorly on the first exam and then obtain >90% on ALL the remaining exams (this only
applies to the FIRST EXAM PERFORMANCE) and well in the lab (e.g. 98%), your grade may be raised to the next level above your numerical score (but NOT
to an A). HINT: I have
observed that the score most people get on the first exam is a strong indication of how
they will do on subsequent exams.
2. An A grade will be given ONLY if the percentage is 90% or greater; i.e., NO ONE'S grade will be raised to an A
for any reason. 89.5% to 89.9% is rounded off to 90% = A.
3. In close-call situations I will ask your TA to rank your lab
participation and attitude and reward you accordingly.
NOTE:
ALL EXTRA CREDIT MATERIALS ARE TO BE SUBMITTED BEFORE
THE FINAL EXAM IS TAKEN. NO EXTRA CREDIT POINTS WILL BE ACCEPTED AFTER EDP HAS
RECEIVED THE FINAL EXAM
There are numerous ways to obtain EXTRA
POINTS in this course. A total of 60 extra points for DLS:
60 points can be added to your exam total.
That is, a person can obtain 460 total points, BUT their
grade will still be calculated on the 400 point maximum. These include the following:
TIME LIMITATIONS FOR
EXTRA CREDIT (FOR MICRO 102 ON-CAMPUS STUDENTS ONLY)
I will accept visits to the commercial
and sewage treatment facilities through finals week. All other extra credit activities
must be submitted by the Friday before close week.
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1. TOURS OF COMMERCIAL FACILITIES THAT UTILIZE THE ACTIVITIES OF
MICROBES.
- These tours are not official university sponsored trips
hence the drivers assume all the usual legal responsibilities for themselves and any
passengers they convey to and from the site.
- You may visit, with my pre-approval, a local
sewage treatment plant, or commercial operation that involves microbes as an important
part of the process. For example, a slaughter house, a vegetable or fruit processing
plant, a winery etc. Again I must have verification of your visit and you must write a one
pg. description of the process from a microbiological viewpoint (8x11, single space, 12
pt-font). One good way of preparing the report is to draw a plan of the process and
describe what occurs at each stage. You must provide me verification of the visit (e.g. a
phone number [E-mail or Fax address] where I can reach the plant personnel).
- To verify (to receive credit) the visit you must turn in
or fax me
a form signed by the 102 student and initialed by the person conducting the tour.
A. A local sewage treatment plant after the third exam: 10 points.
B. An approved commercial operation, anytime: 10
points.
2. Read one or more of the
books on the list below. You are required to give me an oral report (DLS
will be interviewed over the phone using the 800 number
provided by the EDP) on a book. I will ask you to describe
the general content of the book, to answer some general
questions about how the material in a book relates to the information you should have
learned in the class and we will discuss its significance. You may
bring notes. If you fail to answer the questions adequately you have two choices: (1) to
reread the book and to give another oral report, but for a maximum points or (2) take the
points I think your interview is worth.
Note that some books
prior to taking certain exams, but that is
not required: 15 points maximum
for most books (some books will be worth fewer or more points, as indicated). Three books
or 45 pts maximum.
- FIRST EXAM:
- 1A. Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark by C. Sagan
1996:
- 1B. (20 pts) The Voyage of
the Beagle. By Charles Darwin, Ed by Leonard Engel Doubleday:
- 1C. The Darwin Reader Ed. By Marston Bates and Philip S. Humphrey:
- 1D. Lucy's Child: The discovery of a human ancestor by Donald Johanson
& James Shreeve.:
- Books by Loren Eiseley
- 1E. The Immense Journey:
- 1F. The Unexpected Universe:
- 1G. Darwin's Century:
- 1H. The Firmament of Time:
- 1I. Microbe Hunters written by Paul De Kruif. 1926. This is a
controversial book because of the author's prejudices. As such, it represents a look into
the common attitudes of the time--have they changed that much? I will ask you to identify 2 or 3 examples of obvious prejudicial
statements by the author (in your opinion):
- 1J. Full House: The spread of excellence from Plato to Darwin. by Steven
J. Gould 1996:
- 1K. (20 pts) Skeptics and
True Believers: The exhilarating Connection Between Science and Religion by Chet
Raymo
- SECOND EXAM:
- Books by Richard Dawkins
- 2A. (10 pts) River Out of
Eden :
- 2B. (20 pts) The Blind
Watchmaker:
- 2C. (10 pts) Climbing Mount
Improbable:
- 2D. (20 pts)
The Selfish Gene (This one may shake you up so don't read it if your close-minded):
- 2E. (10 pts)
Unweaving the Rainbow: Science, Delusion, and the Appetite for Wonder:
- 2F. (20 pts) Remaking Eden : Cloning and Beyond in a
Brave New World by Lee
M. Silver (1997)
- 2G. (20 pts)
Consilience by E. O. Wilson (1998). This should only be read by
the more mature student since it contains
content that many will find disturbing and extremely offensive.
- THIRD EXAM:
- 3A. The Hot Zone by Richard Preston: This is a student favorite.
- 3B. Typhoid Mary. Captive to the Public's Health by J. Waltzer 1996:
- 3C. Level 4: Virus Hunters of the CDC. By J. B. McCormick and S.
Fisher-Hoch, 1996:
- 3D. Chromosome 6, by Robin Cook, 1996 (A novel) & Xenotransplantation
Scientific American July 1997 pg. 54:
- 3E. A Dancing Matrix-Voyages Along the Viral Frontier written by Robin
Marantz Henig 1993:
- 3F. Microorganisms From Smallpox to Lyme Disease written by Thomas D.
Brock 1990:
- 3G. The Cobra Event by Richard Preston 1997 (A novel):
Released in Nov. 1997
- 3H. At War Within: The Double-Edged Sword of Immunity by
W.R. Clark, 1995
- 3I. (10 pts) The First Eagle by Tony Hillerman. A mystery novel about the bubonic plague in
AZ that deals with epidemiology and microbiology.
- FINAL EXAM:
- 4A. And the Waters Turn to Blood: The Ultimate Biological Threat by
Rodney Barker, 1997; Pfiesteria piscicida, the "cell from
hell", 1997:
- 4B. Deadly Feast by Richard Rhodes: the story of prions:
- 4C. Spoiled : The Dangerous Truth About a Food Chain Gone Haywire by
Nicols Fox, 1997:
- Anytime Throughout the Semester, general interest:
- My Family and Other Animals and Birds & Beasts and Relatives by
Gerald Durrell; counts as ONE book.:
- Rats, Lice and History by Hans Zinsser:
- Bring out Your Dead by J.H. Powell:
- The Forest and the Sea by Marston Bates:
- (20 points)The Diversity of
Life by E. O. Wilson: Recommended for the biology major.
- (10 points)The Lives of a
Cell; Notes of a Biology Watcher by Lewis Thomas :
- 3. Write 50 acceptable
(102 level)
multiple choice questions: 25 points, limited to ONE SET of questions per student/semester. Use Word 97
but number the questions MANUALLY (do not use the automatic numbering). Send
the exam and the answers as TWO separate attached documents via e-mail. Classmates
WILL be asked to rate your efforts. Questions are before you take each of the exams. The
questions should not be too easy or too hard and will be graded on their English
(spelling), their quality and their clarity. I will NOT accept them unless they are
prepared exactly as described below:
- TITLE of EXAM PAGE: Student
Extra Credit Exam for Chapters ?-?.
- Include your name & E-mail address on the exam so students who use
these exams to study can contact you directly if they have questions or comments.
- Place this statement under the exam pg. title: "E-mail questions and
comments to "author's name & E-mail address".
- Be warned that occasionally
an immature reader will make nasty personal comments on your exam (this frequently happens
to me). If you can not tolerate this do not submit an exam for extra credit.
- Send questions and answers on two separate
documents and
include a links (text) from the questions to the answer pg. and from the answer pg. back to the
question pg ( will put in the actual links.
- Name the two files: author's last name (small letters)
followed, without a space, by "questions" or "answers"
appropriately.
- The answers are to presented as a NUMBERED LIST only.
Number MANUALLY.
- For example, if your name is Mary Jones your
two files will be named: jonesquestions and jonesanswers.
- Include at least four CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS based on knowledge of basic principles rather than
rote memory.
- The FORM or LAYOUT of the exam should be similar to mine.
- Send them to me MS Word 97 (or higher)
document via e-mail two weeks before you take the exam over that section.
- 4. You can gain extra points by bringing errors on the Internet
NetText101/102 to my attention. I will give
you 1 point per error
(60 pt. max.), for every spelling, typo or serious writing error you bring to my
attention. Only the first person to bring a given error to my attention receives the
points. Happy hunting.
- Locate the mistake for me by providing me with a word or words I can
SEARCH for that will take me to the error. Without this information I can't find it and
you can't receive your well deserved EC-pts.
- 5. COMMENTARIES: You can obtain extra credit (up to 4 points per commentary
for a maximum of 4 commentaries for a total
of 16 EC points) by sending your commentaries (consider them "Letters to
the Editor") to me on topics so designated throughout the NetText
102.
- You must follow these rules:
- Commentaries must be submitted, along with the signed copy, to me ONE WEEK before the exam they cover in order to obtain
credit.
- Commentaries can only be made on the subjects indicated with the words "Extra
Credit Commentary" in Orange followed by a number indicating the
Chapter and a letter identifying a particular commentary (5B = Chapter 5, commentary
"B"), in a yellow box.
- All commentaries must be titled: "Commentary Chapter #A, B,
etc.
- Commentaries must be concise, well written, show logic and reason
content, and be suitable to the topic. Religious dogma is not acceptable. Points will be
given based on these qualities.
- Commentaries must be E-mailed to me either as an attached
document that can be loaded into MS Word97 (almost any word processing
program on Macs or IBM computers are acceptable, including text files) or as an e-mail
document.
- Commentaries are limited to one single spaced, 8x11 printed sheet using
12 pt-font and to ~200 words.
- Commentaries can not contain any derogatory personal references to an
individual, gender, race, sexual preference or religion; i.e., you may disagree with the philosophy
of a religion, group or culture or with the actions of a
particular person or group, but it must be done in a non-prejudicial, civil &
respectful manner. If you have problems with this contact me and we'll discuss it.
- Commentaries must be original and referenced (space limitations don't
apply to references) where appropriate. A student sending me plagiarized material will lose 10 points and a
student pointing that out to me will be given 10 points.
- You must supply me a printed copy of a commentary at
least a week before the exam over a chapter covered in an exam. It must contain the
following statement before I will give you the credit: "I
-sign your full name, date and ID- agree to the posting of these comments
(unaltered) on the Internet". Failure to do so prior to a given
exam will cost you the EC points. Commentaries and comments
on them will be published in their respective NetText Chapters after I receive the signed
copies, but I will decide what is considered unsuitable for points and publication.
No more than 60 extra credit points total will be given
per student. That is, a student can earn 55 points by doing a self-testing exam plus
visits to a sewage and appropriate commercial plants, but they can't visit the sewage plant 5 times
(yuck! sick!), the cheese plant 10 times (yum yum) or write 200 exam questions.
If I find that any of the above Extra Point opportunities
are being misused I will remove them from the list at any time and to take away points
obtained by cheating in any way.
1. Four 100 point 50 minute lecture exams will be given,
each consisting of 50 questions worth 2 points apiece. The questions will be taken
from the LECTURE /INTERNET MATERIAL.
- I treat the NetText 102 as "assigned reading".
That is, I may not finish lecturing on the material in a Chapter, but you should assume
that the exam covers the entire Chapter.
- Your exams will NOT contain questions relating to the lab work
or information that is not in the NetText 102 or that I
didn't otherwise provide you.
2. Each exam will cover only material given SINCE THE PREVIOUS EXAM. However, INFORMATION from previous lectures may be required to answer questions on later exams.
3. The "Final" exam will NOT
BE COMPREHENSIVE as it will only cover the material after the
third exam.
4. All the exams will be of the "multiple choice format".
FAQ: "What can I do if
I think that the instructor has asked obtuse, unfair or poorly worded question that cost
me points?"
ANSWER: I recognize that poor questions occasionally slip into an exam,
so if you feel that you've lost points because of a "poor" question, please come
in and talk to me or E-mail me about it. You must present a reasoned, civil argument to
justify your position. Students get their points a significant percentage of the
time.
ANYONE RECEIVING A
"C-" OR LESS ON THE FIRST EXAM, AND WHO WANTS TO DO
BETTER, SHOULD DISCUSS THEIR PERFORMANCE WITH ME, BECAUSE IT HAS BEEN MY EXPERIENCE THAT IT IS HARD TO
RECOVER WITHOUT SOME HELP. THE MAJORITY OF STUDENTS WHO SEEK HELP IMPROVE THEIR
SCORES. ALSO TAKE A LOOK AT THE "STUDY ADVICE". |
The following study aids are available to help the students of
Microbiology 101:
SELF TESTS are available for each
chapter. I suggest that you study the material and then take these exams at least 48 hours
before the actual exam so that you can concentrate on areas you are weak in.
- Many of the chapter tests include both multiple choice and essay type questions;
only the former have answers available however.
- I have prepared computer generated automatic scoring self-tests for each
section. These exam are composed of questions taken from recent exams. The Quiz program
creates a 50 question multiple-choice exam by randomly pulling questions from a pool of
questions. Each time the exam is created, many of the questions will be different,
depending on the pool size. You can take these exams as many times as you desire.
- Exams from each section of the previous semester is posted on the
Internet at the GRADES site.
- I am available to answer reasonable questions about the material via
E-mail or phone call. I will try to answer your E-mail questions within
24 hr.
- You are welcome to request explanations of material
you don't understand. Before contacting me please do the following:
- Go over your notes and determine EXACTLY what questions you want to ask; I can't repeat entire lecture(s).
- Read those section(s) in the NetText 102,
the URLs or reference/text books covering the material you don't understand to see if that
answers your questions.
FAQ: "How do you choose
your questions for the exams?"
ANSWER: I set my NetText 102
notes beside me and prepare the majority of the questions based on that material. I record
the site (page) in the notes from which the questions was taken on the exam at the end of
each question. For example, if I ask a question about "Pasteur" the answer sheet
will show (1/3 =Chap. 1, pg. 3), which = Chapter 1, page number on the published notes
from which the question was taken. If it is material taken from something I told you in
the lecture, but that isn't in the NetText 101/102,
I note it by the date of the lecture and the subject (e.g. 1/24, evolution).
FAQ: "What logic do you use to
construct questions?"
ANSWER: I write my questions in a VERY
EXACTING WAY such that it is important that the student
carefully reads and assesses the significance of EVERY
WORD in a question. That is, a single word in a
question/answer usually determines the correct response. I try to make every word
significant or important in both the question and in the answer. A particular question may
have two choices that appear to be correct, but the student should always choose the BEST
of the two choices. It is usually the most inclusive answer. I use
Boolean logic in framing my answers; either a choice is completely correct
or, if any part is not correct, the entire answer is wrong. Don't read anything
into my questions or choices of answers.
FREQUENT STUDENT COMPLAINTS ABOUT EXAMS:
- "The instructor's exams
are unfair and he tries to TRICK us": This is a matter
of perception. I can only state that I do not begin the process of constructing an exam
with anything else in mind other than trying to prepare a test that rewards knowledge,
creative thinking and problem-solving skills. I do admit to asking a number of challenging
questions.
I also include a CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS in every exam that are designed to make the student consider a number of pieces
of information presented to them in the class (lab/lecture). These questions are complex
and designed to test the problem solving ability of
students by requiring them to synthesize an answer from a variety of facts. Further, they
are designed to represent "real-life-situations" (which, I readily admit are
often "tricky"; like personal relationships) and may require data
interpretation, figuring out the organization of related events, demonstrating
understanding of an important principle or the application of scientific reasoning; if
they appear "tricky" it is because real life is very murky & messy.
- "The instructor asks
questions over material not covered in the class":
See above for a description of how I write the exams.
- "The instructor asks
questions over material he did not emphasize": In
general I try to craft questions that cover the important principles, facts and
terminology required to grasp Microbiology. Just because I don't make
something COLORED, CAPS and/or BOLD
doesn't meant that it won't be on the exam.
Copyright © Dr. R. E. Hurlbert, 1999.
This material may be used for educational purposes only and may not be duplicated for
commercial purposes.
FAX: 509-335-1907
E-mail address: hurlbert@pullman.com
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